Thyroid Disorders

Hyperthyroid Disorder

There are two general thyroid disorders that cause the thyroid to become overactive or not active enough. Although there is no cure for either, having the proper diet can help alleviate some of the symptoms. The first is hyperthyroidism, which occurs when the thyroid is overactive and produces too much T4 and T3 hormones. This can become a problem due to important mechanisms in the body speeding up and causing nervousness, anxiety, increased heart rate, tremors, sweating, weight loss, or trouble sleeping. With the help of a diet low in iodine, this can help limit some of the hyperthyroidism symptoms. 

Iodine is involved in the production of the thyroid hormones. By cutting back on the intake of iodine, this could help reduce the production of hormones. Iodine is present in the care of feeding animals or as a stabilizer in processed foods. This means avoiding iodized salt, grains and cereal, fish from the sea, shellfish, beef, milk products, and some breads. 

The diet should also focus on low-glycemic index foods that keep blood sugar levels in the normal range. High-glycemic index foods will spike blood sugar, causing hyperthyroidism to possibly worsen. This means consuming fruits and vegetables such as berries, leafy greens, asparagus, artichoke, and carbohydrates with less starch, such as butternut squash. Vegetables, such as asparagus and carrots, do not contain goitrogens which may be beneficial to avoid especially on a low iodine diet. Goitrogens can interfere with thyroid hormone production. 

In addition to avoiding iodine and goitrogens, a diet low in trans and saturated fats could also be beneficial. By avoiding fattier red meats, fried foods, and processed foods, this can help reduce inflammation. Nuts, seeds, and lean proteins should be prioritized. 

Hypothyroid Disorder

The second condition is hypothyroidism that occurs from the thyroid not producing enough thyroid hormones. This can cause problems with the body’s metabolism, heart function, digestion, energy, appetite, sleep, or mood. By focusing on eliminating inflammation, medication overuse, and nutrient deficiencies, this can help the GI tract and reduce inflammation ultimately balance hormone production. To avoid inflammation, an anti-inflammatory diet may be beneficial. Goitrogens, dairy, and sugar should also be avoided. 

Iodine and selenium are two crucial nutrients that the thyroid needs in order to function properly. By eating foods high in selenium, such as brazil nuts, eggs, poultry, and spinach, and foods high in iodine, such as seaweed, cod, shrimp, and tuna, this can help prevent a deficiency with these nutrients. Omega-3 fatty acids are also beneficial for thyroid function. With proper balance between omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, this can help reduce inflammation and help aid in proper neurological function. Wild-caught fish, such as Alaskan salmon and Atlantic Mackerel are great sources of omega-3’s. Coconut oil, a saturated fat that provides a medium chain fatty acid that can help support the metabolism and increase energy levels. To furher promote proper gut health, probiotic-rich foods should be consumed, such as organic goat’s milk, kimchi, kombucha, and fermented vegetables.